The Marshall Center culminated its Seminar on Irregular Warfare/Hybrid Threats where 90 participants tackled hybrid threats and gray zone tactics.

State actors like Russia and China are redefining conflict through coordinated campaigns of disinformation, cyber aggression, and legal manipulation.

The course was created nearly two years ago to help practitioners identify the actions adversarial states employ in the Grey Zone below the threshold of direct military conflict to undermine the security of democratic states.

Western powers must learn to compete effectively in the varied battlespaces of contemporary warfare.